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Izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzazi uma ugqoke amalensi

Kubantu abangaboni kahle, amalensi okuxhumana ngokuvamile ayingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwansuku zonke.Ngokwe-American Academy of Ophthalmology, i-contact lens iyipulasitiki ecacile ebekwe phezu kweso ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukubona komuntu.Ngokungafani nezibuko, lawa ma-lens azacile ahlala phezu kwefilimu yezinyembezi yeso, evala futhi ivikele i-cornea yeso.Ngokufanelekile, ama-contact lens ayengeke aqashelwe, asize abantu babone kangcono.
Ama-contact lens angalungisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinkinga zokubona, okuhlanganisa ukubona eduze nokubona kude (ngokweNational Eye Institute).Ngokuya ohlotsheni nobukhulu bokulahlekelwa ukubona, kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa zamalensi oxhumana naye alungele wena.Amalensi okuxhumana athambile awuhlobo oluvame kakhulu, anikeza ukuguquguquka nokunethezeka okuthandwa ngabagqoki belensi yokuxhumana abaningi.Amalensi okuxhumana aqinile aqinile kunamalensi athambile futhi angaba nzima kwabanye abantu ukuwajwayela.Kodwa-ke, ukuqina kwabo kungabambezela ukuqhubeka kwe-myopia, i-astigmatism elungile, futhi kunikeze umbono ocacile (ngokusho kwe-Healthline).
Nakuba ama-contact lens engenza ukuphila kube lula kubantu abangaboni kahle, adinga ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa okuthile ukuze asebenze ngokusemandleni abo.Uma ungayilandeli imihlahlandlela yokuhlanza, ukugcina, nokushintsha amalensi okuxhumana (nge-Cleveland Clinic), impilo yamehlo akho ingaba sengozini.Nakhu okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namalensi okuxhumana.
Ukugxumela echibini noma ukuhamba ogwini ugqoke ama-contact lens kungase kubonakale kungenangozi, kodwa impilo yamehlo akho ingaba sengozini.Akuphephile ukufaka amalensi okuxhumana emehlweni akho ngenkathi ubhukuda, njengoba amalensi amunca amanye amanzi angena emehlweni akho futhi akwazi ukuqoqa amagciwane, amagciwane, amakhemikhali, namagciwane ayingozi (nge-Healthline).Ukuchayeka kwamehlo isikhathi eside kula magciwane kungaholela ekuthelelekeni kwamehlo, ukuvuvukala, ukucasuka, ukoma, nezinye izinkinga zamehlo eziyingozi.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma ungakwazi ukususa oxhumana nabo?Abantu abaningi abane-presbyopia abakwazi ukubona ngaphandle kwamalensi okuxhumana noma izibuko, futhi izibuko azifaneleki ukubhukuda noma imidlalo yasemanzini.Amabala amanzi avele ngokushesha ezingilazini, axebuke kalula noma antante.
Uma kufanele ufake ama-contact lens ngenkathi ubhukuda, i-Optometrist Network incoma ukuthi ugqoke izibuko ukuze uvikele amalensi akho, uwasuse ngokushesha ngemva kokubhukuda, uwabulale amagciwane amalensi okuxhumana ngemva kokuthintana namanzi, futhi usebenzise amaconsi adonsela amanzi ukuze uvikele amehlo omile.Nakuba lawa macebiso engeke aqinisekise ukuthi ngeke ube nezinkinga, anganciphisa ingozi yokuba nesifo samehlo.
Ungakwazi ukunamathisela ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuhlanzeni okuphelele kanye nokubulala amagciwane amalensi othintana naye ngaphambi nangemva kokugqoka ngakunye.Kodwa-ke, amalensi okuxhumana avame ukunganakwa kufanele futhi abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokunakekelwa kwamehlo akho.Uma ungazinakekeli izimo zakho zelensi yokuxhumana, amagciwane ayingozi angakhula ngaphakathi futhi angene emehlweni akho (nge-Visionworks).
I-American Optometric Association (AOA) incoma ukuhlanza amalensi okuxhumana ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye, ukuwavula nokuwomisa lapho engasetshenziswa, futhi kushintshwe amalensi okuxhumana njalo ngemva kwezinyanga ezintathu.Ukulandela lezi zinyathelo kuzosiza ukugcina amehlo akho ephilile ngokuqinisekisa ukuthi amalensi othintana nawo ahlanzekile futhi agcinwe esitsheni esihlanzekile, esisha ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngakunye.
I-Visionworks iphinde ikutshele ukuthi uwahlanza kanjani amakesi amalensi okuxhumana.Okokuqala, lahla isisombululo sokuxhumana esisetshenzisiwe, esingase sibe nama-bacteria ayingozi kanye nezinto ezicasulayo.Bese ugeza izandla zakho ukuze ususe noma imaphi amagciwane esikhumbeni sakho angangena ebhokisini lokuxhumana.Bese wengeza uketshezi oluthile oluhlanzekile ekesini bese uhambisa iminwe yakho phezu kwekhompathimenti yokugcina nesivalo ukuze uxege futhi ukhiphe noma imaphi amadiphozithi.Yithulule futhi uhlanze umzimba ngesixazululo esiningi kuze kube yilapho wonke amadiphozithi engasekho.Okokugcina, beka ikesi libheke phansi, uyeke ukuthi lome ngokuphelele, futhi ulivale kabusha lapho lomile.
Kungaba isilingo ukuthenga amalensi okuhlobisa okuhlobisa noma umphumela omangalisayo, kodwa uma ungenayo incwadi kadokotela, ungagcina ukhokhe inani lemiphumela ebizayo nebuhlungu. I-US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) ixwayisa ngokuthenga othintana nabo ngaphandle kwekhawunta ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamehlo okungase kwenzeke uma ugqoke amalensi angalingani kahle emehlweni akho. I-US Food & Drug Administration (FDA) ixwayisa ngokuthenga othintana nabo ngaphandle kwekhawunta ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamehlo okungase kwenzeke uma ugqoke amalensi angalingani kahle emehlweni akho.I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ixwayisa ngokuthenga amalensi okuxhumana angaphandle kwekhawunta ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamehlo okungenzeka uma ugqoke amalensi angahambisani namehlo akho.I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ixwayisa ngokuthenga amalensi okuxhumana angaphandle kwekhawunta ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulimala kwamehlo okungenzeka uma ugqoke amalensi angahambisani namehlo akho.
Isibonelo, uma lawa ma-lens ezimonyo engakulingani noma alingane namehlo akho, ungase ube nemihuzuko ekhoneni, izifo zamehlo, i-conjunctivitis, ukulahlekelwa ukubona, ngisho nobumpumputhe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-contact lens okuhlobisa ngokuvamile awanayo imiyalelo yokuhlanza noma ukuwagqoka, okungase futhi kubangele izinkinga zombono.
I-FDA iphinde ithi akukho emthethweni ukuthengisa amalensi okuxhumana okuhlobisa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.Amalensi awafakiwe esigabeni sezimonyo noma eminye imikhiqizo engathengiswa ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela.Noma yimaphi ama-contact lens, ngisho nalawo angabonisi kahle, adinga incwadi kadokotela futhi angathengiswa kuphela ngabadayisi abagunyaziwe.
Ngokwe-athikili ye-American Optometric Association, uMongameli we-AOA uRobert S. Layman, i-OD wabelane, "Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi iziguli zibone udokotela wamehlo futhi zigqoke amalensi okuxhumana kuphela, ngokulungiswa noma ngaphandle kokulungiswa kombono."Kumele ugxile kumalensi anombala, qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela wamehlo futhi uthole incwadi kadokotela.
Nakuba kungase kushaqise ukubona ukuthi ilensi yakho yokuxhumana isuke ngandlela thize yaya ngemuva kweso lakho, empeleni ayibambeki lapho.Nokho, ngemva kokuhlikihla, ukushaya ngephutha noma ukuthinta iso, i-lens yokuxhumana ingasuka endaweni.Ilensi ivamise ukuhamba iye phezulu esweni, ngaphansi kwejwabu leso, ikushiye uzibuza ukuthi ishonephi futhi uzama ukuyikhipha.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-lens yokuxhumana ayikwazi ukunamathela ngemuva kweso (nge-All About Vision).Ungqimba lwangaphakathi oluswakeme ngaphansi kwejwabu leso, olubizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctiva, empeleni lugoqa ngaphezulu kwejwabu leso, lugoqeke emuva, futhi lumboze ungqimba lwangaphandle lwenhlamvu yeso.Engxoxweni ne-Self, umongameli okhethiwe we-AOA u-Andrea Tau, OD uyachaza, "Ulwelwesi [lwe-conjunctival] lunqamula ubumhlophe beso lukhuphuke nangaphansi kwejwabu leso, lwenze isikhwama esizungeze umjikelezo."ngemuva kweso, okuhlanganisa namalensi acwebezelayo.
Uma sekushiwo lokho, awudingi ukwethuka uma amehlo akho elahlekelwa ukuthintana kungazelelwe.Ungayisusa ngokusebenzisa amaconsi ambalwa othintana nawo we-hydrating futhi uhlikihle kahle ingaphezulu lejwabu leso lakho kuze kube yilapho kuwa ilensi futhi ungayikhipha (ngokuvumelana ne-All About Vision).
Uphelelwa isixazululo sokuxhumana futhi awunaso isikhathi sokugijima uye esitolo?Ungacabangi nokuphinda usebenzise isicoci secala.Uma amalensi othintana naye esecwile esixazululweni, angafukamela amagciwane abangela ukutheleleka nezinto ezicasulayo eziyingozi ezizongcolisa amalensi akho kuphela uma uzama ukusebenzisa ikhambi futhi (nge-Visionworks).
I-FDA iphinde ixwayise "ngokuyeka" isisombululo esivele sisetshenziswa esimweni sakho.Ngisho noma ungeza isixazululo esisha oketshezini olusetshenzisiwe, ikhambi ngeke libe yinyumba yokuvala inzalo yelensi yokuxhumana efanele.Uma ungenalo ikhambi elanele lokuhlanza ngokuphephile nokugcina amalensi akho, ngokuzayo lapho unquma ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana, kungcono ukuwalahla futhi uthenge ipheya entsha.
I-AOA yengeza ngokuthi kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo yokunakekela ehlinzekwa umkhiqizi wesixazululo selensi yokuxhumana.Uma kunconywa ukuthi ugcine amalensi othintana naye esisombululo isikhathi esilinganiselwe kuphela, kufanele uwavale ngokwalesi simiso, ngisho noma ungahlosile ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana.Ngokuvamile, oxhumana nabo bagcinwa kusixazululo esifanayo izinsuku ezingu-30.Ngemva kwalokho, uzodinga ukulahla lawo ma-lens ukuze uthole amasha.
Omunye umcabango ovamile owenziwa abantu abaningi abagqoka lens ukuthi amanzi ayindawo ephephile yokugcina amalensi okuxhumana lapho kungekho sixazululo.Nokho, ukusebenzisa amanzi, ikakhulukazi amanzi kampompi, ukuhlanza noma ukugcina amalensi okuxhumana akulungile.Amanzi angaqukatha ukungcola okuhlukahlukene, amagciwane, nesikhunta esingalimaza impilo yamehlo akho (nge-All About Vision).
Ikakhulukazi, i-microorganism ebizwa ngokuthi i-Acanthamoeba, evame ukutholakala emanzini kampompi, inganamathela kalula ngaphandle kwamalensi okuxhumana futhi itheleleke emehlweni lapho egqokwe (ngokwe-US Environmental Protection Agency).Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okubandakanya i-Acanthamoeba emanzini ompompi kungabangela izimpawu ezibuhlungu, okuhlanganisa ukungaphatheki kahle kwamehlo, ukuzwa umzimba wangaphandle ngaphakathi kweso, namabala amhlophe emaphethelweni angaphandle eso.Nakuba izimpawu zingahlala kusukela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuye ezinyangeni, iso alipholi ngokugcwele, ngisho nokwelashwa.
Ngisho noma ekhona amanzi ampompi amahle endaweni yangakini, kungcono ukuphepha kunokuzisola.Sebenzisa kuphela amalensi okuxhumana ukugcina amalensi noma ukukhetha ipheya entsha.
Abaningi abagqoka amalensi okuxhumana banweba isimiso sabo sokugqoka ngethemba lokonga imali ethile noma ukugwema olunye uhambo oluya kudokotela wamehlo.Nakuba kwenzeka ungahlosile, ukungalandeli ishejuli yokubuyisela incwadi kadokotela kungase kuphazamise futhi kwandise ingozi yokutheleleka kwamehlo nezinye izinkinga zempilo yamehlo (nge-Optometrist Network).
Njengoba i-Optometrist Network ichaza, ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana isikhathi eside kakhulu noma ngaphezu kwesikhathi esinconyiwe sokugqoka kungakhawulela ukugeleza komoyampilo ku-cornea kanye nemithambo yegazi esweni.Imiphumela isukela ezimpawini ezithambile ezinjengamehlo omile, ukucasuka, ukungaphatheki kahle kwelensi, namehlo anogazi kuye ezinkingeni ezingathi sína ezifana nezilonda ze-cornea, izifo, izibazi ze-cornea, nokulahlekelwa ukubona.
Ucwaningo olwanyatheliswa ephephabhukwini i-Optometry and Vision Science lwathola ukuthi ukugqoka ngokweqile ama-contact lens nsuku zonke kungaholela ekwakhekeni kwamaprotheni kuma-lens, okungabangela ukucasuka, ukuncipha kokubona kahle, ukukhuliswa kwamaqhubu amancane enkopheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctival papillae, kanye nobungozi bokutheleleka.Ukuze ugweme lezi zinkinga zamehlo, hlala ulandela isimiso sokugqoka ilensi yokuxhumana futhi uzishintshe ngezikhathi ezinconyiwe.
Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzohlale encoma ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho ngaphambi kokugqoka amalensi okuxhumana.Kodwa uhlobo lwensipho oyisebenzisayo ukugeza izandla lungenza umehluko uma kuziwa ekunakekelweni kwamalensi nempilo yamehlo.Izinhlobo eziningi zensipho zingase zibe namakhemikhali, amafutha abalulekile, noma izinto zokuthambisa ezingangena kumalensi okuxhumana futhi zibangele ukucasuka kwamehlo uma zingahlanjululwanga kahle (ngokweNational Keratoconus Foundation).Izinsalela zingase futhi zenze ifilimu kumalensi okuxhumana, angaboni kahle.
I-Optometrist Network incoma ukuthi ugeze izandla zakho ngensipho eqeda iphunga elimnandi ngaphambi kokugqoka noma ukukhipha amalensi okuxhumana.Kodwa-ke, i-American Academy of Ophthalmology iphawula ukuthi insipho ethambisayo iphephile ukuyisebenzisa inqobo nje uma uhlanza kahle insipho ezandleni zakho ngaphambi kwamalensi okuxhumana.Uma unamehlo azwela kakhulu, ungathola nezinto zokuhlanza izandla emakethe eziklanyelwe ukusebenza namalensi okuxhumana.
Ukusebenzisa izimonyo ngenkathi ugqoke ama-contact lens kungaba yinto ekhohlisayo futhi kungase kuthathe ukuzijwayeza ukugcina umkhiqizo ungangeni emehlweni akho namalensi okuxhumana.Ezinye izimonyo zingase zishiye ifilimu noma izinsalela kumalensi okuxhumana angabangela ukucasuka lapho zibekwe ngaphansi kwelensi.Izimonyo zamehlo, okuhlanganisa ithunzi lamehlo, i-eyeliner, kanye ne-mascara, kungaba yinkinga ikakhulukazi kwabafake amalensi okuxhumana ngoba bangangena kalula emehlweni noma baqhume (nge-CooperVision).
I-Johns Hopkins Medicine ithi ukugqoka izimonyo ezinama-contact lens kungabangela ukucasuka kwamehlo, ukoma, ukungezwani komzimba nezinto ezithile, izifo zamehlo, ngisho nokulimala uma unganakile.Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugwema lezi zimpawu iwukuba uhlale ugqoke amalensi okuxhumana ngaphansi kwezimonyo, sebenzisa uhlobo oluthembekile lwezimonyo ze-hypoallergenic, ugweme ukwabelana ngezimonyo, futhi ugweme i-eyeshadow ekhazimulayo.I-L'Oreal Paris futhi incoma i-eyeliner ekhanyayo, imascara engangeni manzi eyenzelwe amehlo azwelayo, kanye ne-eyeshadow ewuketshezi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuphuma kwempushana.
Akuzona zonke izixazululo zelensi yokuxhumana ezifanayo.Lawa manzi angenalutho angasebenzisa izithako ezihlukahlukene ukuze abulale amagciwane futhi ahlanze amalensi, noma ukunikeza induduzo eyengeziwe kulabo abadinga usizo.Isibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo zamalensi okuxhumana ongawathola emakethe zifaka amalensi okuxhumana emisebenzi eminingi, amalensi okuxhumana namehlo omile, amalensi othintana naye e-hydrogen peroxide, kanye namasistimu okunakekela amalensi aqinile aphelele (nge-Healthline).
Abantu abanamehlo azwelayo noma abagqoka izinhlobo ezithile zamalensi okuxhumana bazothola ukuthi amanye amalensi asebenza kangcono kunamanye.Uma ufuna isixazululo esithengekayo sokubulala amagciwane kanye nokuthambisa amalensi akho, isisombululo semisebenzi eminingi singase sikulungele.Kubantu abanamehlo azwelayo noma abangezwani nakho kahle, ungathenga isixazululo saline esithambile sokugeza amalensi othintana naye ngaphambi nangemuva kokubulala amagciwane ukuze uthole ukunethezeka okuphelele (ngokweMedical News Today).
Isixazululo se-hydrogen peroxide singenye indlela uma isisombululo senhloso yonke sibangela ukusabela noma ukungakhululeki.Kodwa-ke, kufanele usebenzise ikesi elikhethekile eliza nesixazululo, eliguqula i-hydrogen peroxide ibe usawoti oyinyumba emahoreni ambalwa (igunyazwe yi-FDA).Uma uzama ukubuyisela amalensi ngaphakathi ngaphambi kokuba i-hydrogen peroxide incishiswe, amehlo akho azovutha futhi i-cornea yakho ingase ilimale.
Uma usuthole incwadi kadokotela yelensi yokuxhumana, ungase uzizwe ulungele ukuphila.Kodwa-ke, abagqoke amalensi okuxhumana kufanele bahlolwe minyaka yonke ukuze babone ukuthi amehlo abo ashintshile yini futhi uma amalensi okuxhumana eyisinqumo esingcono kakhulu sohlobo lwabo lokulahlekelwa umbono.Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele futhi kusiza ukuhlonza izifo zamehlo nezinye izinkinga ezingaholela ekwelapheni kusenesikhathi kanye nokubona ngcono (nge-CDC).
Ngokusho kwe-VSP Vision Care, ukuhlolwa kwelensi yokuxhumana empeleni kuhlukile ezivivinyweni zamehlo ezijwayelekile.Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuvamile kubandakanya ukuhlola umbono womuntu nokubheka izimpawu zezinkinga ezingase zibe khona.Nokho, isheke lelensi yokuxhumana lihlanganisa uhlobo oluhlukile lokuhlola ukuze ubone ukuthi umbono wakho kufanele ucace kangakanani namalensi oxhumana naye.Udokotela uzophinde alinganise ubuso beso lakho ukuze akunikeze amalensi okuxhumana anosayizi ofanele kanye nokuma.Uzothola nethuba lokuxoxa ngezinketho zamalensi oxhumana naye futhi unqume ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olulungele izidingo zakho.
Nakuba kungase kushaqise ngodokotela wamehlo ukusho lokhu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi amathe akuyona indlela eyinyumba noma ephephile yokumanzisa kabusha amalensi okuxhumana.Ungawabambeli amalensi emlonyeni ukuze uwamanzise futhi lapho omile, ucasula amehlo akho, noma ngisho nokuwa.Umlomo ugcwele amagciwane namanye amagciwane angabangela izifo zamehlo nezinye izinkinga zamehlo (nge-Yahoo News).Kungcono ukulahla amalensi angalungile bese uqala ngamapheya amasha.
Ukutheleleka kwamehlo okuvame ukubonakala lapho amathe esetshenziselwa ukumanzisa amalensi i-keratitis, okuwukuvuvukala kwe-cornea okubangelwa amagciwane, isikhunta, ama-parasites, noma amagciwane angena esweni (ngokusho kweMayo Clinic).Izimpawu ze-keratitis zingase zihlanganise amehlo abomvu nabuhlungu, amanzi noma ukuphuma kwamehlo, ukungaboni kahle, kanye nokuzwela okukhulu ekukhanyeni.Uma ubuzama ukumanzisa noma ukuhlanza amalensi okuxhumana ngomlomo futhi uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, sekuyisikhathi sokuthi wenze i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho wamehlo.
Ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi unencwadi kadokotela efana neyomngane noma ilungu lomndeni, kunomehluko ngosayizi wamehlo nokuma, ngakho ukwabelana ngamalensi akuwona umqondo omuhle.Ingasaphathwa eyokuthi ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana omunye umuntu emehlweni akho kungakuveza kuzo zonke izinhlobo zamabhaktheriya, amagciwane, namagciwane angakugulisa (ngokusho kweBausch + Lomb).
Futhi, ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana angahambisani namehlo akho kungandisa ingozi yezinyembezi ze-cornea noma izilonda kanye nokutheleleka kwamehlo (nge-WUSF Public Media).Uma uqhubeka nokugqoka amalensi okuxhumana angafanele, ungase futhi uthuthukise ukungabekezelelani kwelensi yokuxhumana (CLI), okusho ukuthi ngeke usakwazi ukugqoka amalensi ngaphandle kobuhlungu noma ukungaphatheki kahle, ngisho noma amalensi ozama ukuwafaka emiselwe wena (ngokweLaser Eye Institute).Amehlo akho ekugcineni azokwenqaba ukugqoka amalensi okuxhumana futhi uwabone njengezinto zangaphandle emehlweni akho.
Uma ucelwa ukuthi wabelane ngamalensi othintana naye (okuhlanganisa namalensi okuxhumana okuhlobisa), kufanele njalo ugweme ukwenza lokho ukuze uvimbele ukulimala kwamehlo kanye nokungabekezelelani okungase kube khona esikhathini esizayo.
I-CDC ibika ukuthi ukuziphatha engozini okuvame kakhulu okuhlobene nokunakekelwa kwelensi yokuxhumana ukulala nabo kuvuliwe.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukhathele kangakanani, kungcono ukususa amalensi othintana naye ngaphambi kwe-hay.Ukulala kuma-contact lens kungandisa amathuba akho okuba nezifo zamehlo nezinye izimpawu zezinkinga—ngisho namalensi okuxhumana agqoke isikhathi eside.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ugqoka luphi uhlobo lwamalensi oxhumana naye, amalensi anciphisa ukunikezwa komoya-mpilo obalulekile emehlweni akho, okungase kuthinte impilo yamehlo akho kanye nokubona (ngokweSisekelo Sokulala).
Ngokusho kweCleveland Clinic, amalensi okuxhumana angabangela ukoma, ububomvu, ukucasuka, nokulimala lapho i-lens ikhishwa ngenkathi iboshelwe ku-cornea.Ukulala kuma-contact lens nakho kungaholela ekungenweni izifo zamehlo kanye nokulimala kwamehlo unomphela, okuhlanganisa i-keratitis, ukuvuvukala kwe-cornea kanye nezifo zesikhunta, i-Sleep Foundation yanezela.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-20-2022